宗教之「心物合一論」的靈修研究
摘要
這篇論文是「質的研究」，探討不同的宗教靈修及個人宗教經驗，進行歷史的現象學方法和分析歸納法得出「心物合一論」的價值觀。梳理儒家的天人合一，佛家的解脫之道，道家的性命雙修，天主教的啟示救贖等等觀念，反思後現代宗教與科學之間的衝突和平衡。
不同的宗教靈修，區分為五種：(一)、天主教心物合一論的探討。(二)、道教＂性命雙修“之探討。(三)、佛教密宗心物即一之探討。(四)、宗教與科學-心物合一論觀點之探討。(五)、個人宗教經驗之心物合一論的探討。每種不同宗教的靈修各有客觀的發展因素。
由宗教靈修的「心物合一論」影響下，產生了四個向度的改變：一是生命意義的肯定。二是個人潛力的發揮。三是心物合一論的形上學價值反應在創作上。最後達到身心安頓。
同時藉由「心物合一論」找到唯心的「創世論」與唯物的「進化論」之間的和諧，回溯靈修過程的心理內在的改變及思想行為的整合下，試圖提出終極關懷的核心價值。
關鍵字：宗教經驗、詮釋學、比較宗教、冥契主義、結構、靈修
The study of the unity of spiritualism and materialism in religious Spirituality
Abstract
The thesis is a qualitative research which discusses the different religious Spirituality and individual religious experience and results in the value of the unity of spiritualism and materialism by historical phenomenology method and induction. I reflect the conflicts and balances between the Post-Modern Religion and science through analyzing the Unity of Heaven and Human Beings in Confucianism, the Buddhist's the Way of Liberation, the Taoism's Cultivation both the Nature and Body, and the Catholicism's Redemption.
I divide religious Spirituality into five types as following: （1）the discussion of the unity of spiritualism and materialism in Catholicism, （2）the discussion of the Cultivation both the Nature and Body in Taoism, （3）the discussion of the Unification of Spirit and Matter in Buddhism, （4）the discussion of the unity of spiritualism and materialism between religion and science, （5）the discussion of the unity of spiritualism and materialism of individual religious experience. Each religious Spirituality has its own obXXXXXjective development factor.
It results changes of four dimensions from the influence of the unity of spiritualism and materialism in religious Spirituality. The first dimension is the affirmation of the meaning of life. The second one is the display of individual potential talents. The third one is the value of creation based on the meXXXXXtaphysics of the unity of spiritualism and materialism in religious Spirituality. The last one is the tranquility of body and soul.
In the meanwhile, I discover the harmonization between idealistic “theory of genesis” and materialistic “theory of evolution” by the unity of spiritualism and materialism, and attempt to present the core value of ultimate concern by recalling the psychological intrinsic changes and the integration of the thoughts and behaviors in the process of religious Spirituality.
Key words: Religious experience, Hermeneutics, Comparative religion, Mysticism, Structure, Spirituality
